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With the promulgation and implementation of increasingly stringent national environmental protection regulations, coating requirements are becoming higher and higher. Painting must not only ensure good anti-corrosion performance, high decorative performance, and high construction performance but also use materials and processes with good performance to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC).
In recent years, water-based paint has become the main force in coatings due to its more environmentally friendly ingredients. The biggest advantage of water-based paint over solvent-based paint is that VOC emissions are greatly reduced. Compared with solvent-based paints, water-based paints have the advantages of less environmental pollution, high leveling properties, and good appearance; however, water-based paints have disadvantages such as high construction requirements, good conductivity, and high corrosiveness.
Water-based paint construction technology:
1. Base layer treatment: First remove the dust and oil on the surface of the wood. If there is oil on the surface of the wood, you can use vinyl to scrub the oil clean. After removing dust and oil, use sandpaper, wrap a large piece of sandpaper with a 5cm square wooden pad, and use it for sanding. Requires smoothing, polishing, and cleaning.
2. Scrape the transparent putty all over: the putty should be scraped and collected completely, and should not be missed.
3. Sanding paper: After the putty is completely dry, use No. 1 sandpaper to smooth it, and then wipe it clean with a cloth. Then use the same putty to scrape the second layer. The requirements are the same as the first layer of putty. After scraping, apply putty on the nail holes and missing edges and corners. After applying the putty until it is full and smooth, sandpaper and polish it evenly to make the wood grain clear. Do not fray the edges and corners. Clean them after grinding, wipe them with a damp cloth, and let them dry.
4. Apply the first coat of water-based varnish: When applying, it should be horizontally and vertically, the thickness should be even, not flowing or falling, the brushing pattern should be smooth, and no missed brushing is allowed. After drying, polish it with No. 1 sandpaper, wipe it with a damp cloth, and let it dry. In the future, the interval between each coat of paint is generally about 6 hours in summer and about 24 hours in spring and autumn. A slightly longer time is better if conditions permit.
5. Color spraying and color repair: Spray color essence or color oil, and repair the color of the knots, nail holes, etc. that have been painted over. You should flexibly control the color according to the color at that time. The repaired color should be the same as the original color. consistent.
6. Apply the second coat of water-based varnish: first check the spray color and color correction. If the requirements are met, apply the second coat of varnish. After the varnish is completely dry, sand it with No. 1 sandpaper, wipe it clean with a damp cloth, and check it in detail again. If there is any leakage of putty or uneven areas, it is necessary to apply colored putty again, smooth the area after it dries, and wipe it clean with a damp cloth.
7. Apply the third coat of water-based varnish: After the second coat of water-based varnish is dry, sand it with No. 280 water-based sandpaper and wipe it clean. The rest of the operations are the same as above.
8. Apply the fourth coat of water-based varnish: Add matte essence if you want a matte effect. After applying the fourth coat of water-based varnish, wait for the paint film to dry and harden before sanding and polishing with No. 280-320 water-based sandpaper. , grind it flat, and wipe it clean after grinding.
9. Rub the polishing wax: Wrap it inside with a clean white cloth, tie it tightly, rub it with your hands, rub it evenly, and wipe it clean until it is bright. How to fix glitches:
When wood gets wet, water seeps in along the wood fiber tubes and micro-gaps in the wood grain, causing it to swell and protrude from the surface of the wood, which cannot be restored after it dries. Therefore, after the wood is coated with water-based paint, wood grain protrusions, particles, and burrs will appear.
Seal the wood surface with waxless shellac paint
This method is better than the water-wet method. In addition to preventing graining and burrs when applying water-based paint, it can also increase the layering of the wood. However, due to the color of shellac itself, it tends to give the wood a slight amber tint. Shellac paint back sealing is very useful for old paint surfaces and wood surfaces that may have been contaminated by grease, release agents, and organic silicon compounds. It can prevent construction problems such as shrinkage holes and fish eyes caused by water-based paint. During the painting process, if shrinkage holes and fisheyes are found on the painted surface, especially if the old paint surface is painted, the water-based paint that has been applied should be wiped off, polished, and sealed with dewaxed shellac paint, and then painted with water-based paint. paint. Shellac paint is an alcohol solution of shellac and can be applied by brushing or rubbing. After sealing, polish with 400# or above sandpaper, and then wipe the polished surface with alcohol or a damp cloth. This can increase the adhesion of the topcoat.
Wipe the wood surface to be painted with a damp cloth that can squeeze out water.
Fully wet the wood surface, and after drying, use fine sandpaper to sand away the burrs and particles formed. Then apply a primer, and after drying, lightly sand with about 400# sandpaper. For porous wood, apply two primers before polishing. At this time, the first primer should be diluted with 5% to 10% water before use.
